Pramlintide
- is an analogue of amylin, a small peptide hormone that is released into the bloodstream by the β cells of the pancreas along with insulin after a meal.[2]
- Like insulin, amylin is completely absent in individuals with Type I diabetes.[3]
- By augmenting endogenous amylin, pramlintide aids in the cellular absorption and regulation of blood glucose by
- slowing gastric emptying,
- promoting satiety via hypothalamic receptors (different receptors than for GLP-1), and
- inhibiting inappropriate secretion of glucagon, a catabolic hormone that opposes the effects of insulin and amylin.
- Pramlintide also has effects in raising the acute first-phase insulin response threshold following a meal.
- Both a reduction in glycated hemoglobin and weight loss have been shown in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes taking pramlintide as an adjunctive therapy
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