Wednesday 6 September 2017

A15 All the following increase the likelihood of a patient
acquiring an antimicrobial-resistant infection EXCEPT:
a. Use of cefotaxime.
b. High nursing workload.
c. Prolonged mechanical ventilation.
d. Brief hospital admission.
e. Understaffing in the ICU.


D
Multi-drug resistant infections are increasing in incidence in the intensivecare unit. Use of broad spectrum antibiotics such as third generationcephalosporins, carbapenems and quinolones is an independent riskfactor for ventilator-acquired pneumonia with a drug-resistant organism, asis prolonged mechanical ventilation.

Methycillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus rates have been shown to increase with bothovercrowding andunderstaffing of the ICU.


Prolonged hospital admission, the presence ofindwelling devices and poor hand hygiene also contribute to thedevelopment of antibiotic-resistant infections.

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